{"text_format":"1","workbook":"xlsx","n_sheets":10,"sheets":["HomePage","Collections","Comms&Engagement","HWRCs","JointWorking","Staff","StreetCleansing","Treatment&Disposal","PublicRealm","CaseStudies"],"not_rendered":{"charts":0,"images":25,"macros":1,"external_links":0,"defined_names":2,"comments":0,"pivot_tables":0},"unopened":[],"bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"sheet_cells":100000,"rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096},"cells_cut":0,"cells_raw":0,"read":"whole","date_system":"1900"}

{"sheet":"HomePage","index":0,"n_rows":46,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":46,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[30,1,33,17],[10,1,10,17],[24,4,24,6],[24,7,24,9],[4,1,4,9],[22,4,22,6],[22,7,22,9],[23,4,23,6],[23,7,23,9],[24,1,24,3],[19,4,19,6],[19,7,19,9],[20,4,20,6],[20,7,20,9],[21,4,21,6],[21,7,21,9],[21,1,21,3],[22,1,22,3],[23,1,23,3],[16,1,16,3],[16,4,16,6],[17,1,17,3],[18,1,18,3],[19,1,19,3],[20,1,20,3],[17,4,17,6],[9,1,9,18],[17,7,17,9],[18,4,18,6],[18,7,18,9],[14,1,14,6],[16,7,16,9]]}
[]
[]
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[null,"Please 'Enable Macros' for full functionality, including case study examples."]
[]
[null,null,"Version Number:","v01","Please check back regularly for updates"]
[null,null,"Last Update:","2015-02-23"]
[]
[null,"The Chartered Institution of Wastes Management (CIWM) and Ricardo-AEA have worked together to conduct a major survey of Local Authorities within the UK and Ireland."]
[null,"The survey gathered case study data with the aim of better understanding how austerity is impacting Local Authority waste, recycling and street cleansing services and, consequently, local communities, public health and providers of goods and services."]
[null,"This spreadsheet provides examples of opportunities your authority may wish to consider. Clicking on the blue boxes in the table below takes you to the opportunities."]
[null,"Linked to these opportunities are examples of useful guidance and case studies that may be of interest to a Local Authority, or its partner(s), wanting to drive efficiencies and improve performance."]
[]
[null,"Please click on the areas of savings listed below to be taken to the corresponding opportunities tab:"]
[]
[null,"Area of savings",null,null,"Suggested Measures Identified",null,null,"Case studies provided"]
[null,"Collections",null,null,25,null,null,9]
[null,"Communications",null,null,10,null,null,1]
[null,"HWRCs",null,null,14,null,null,4]
[null,"Joint Working",null,null,7,null,null,3]
[null,"Staff",null,null,11,null,null,1]
[null,"Street Cleansing",null,null,11,null,null,2]
[null,"Treatment & Disposal",null,null,20,null,null,3]
[null,"Public Realm",null,null,13,null,null,1]
[]
[null,"Within each sheet, a list of potential opportunities for savings is provided."]
[null,"Each of the opportunities is assigned scale of saving potential: High (more than £250,000), Medium (£50,000 to £250,000) or Low (£0 - £50,000). Savings may not be cumulative."]
[null,"Although numerous opportunities are identified, this does not represent an exhaustive list of potential savings. "]
[]
[null,"Savings that have been highlighted within the survey have varied, from small-scale to multi-million pound savings. Although the savings highlighted in this workbook demonstrate what has been achieved elsewhere, the actual savings that could be made will be varied, depending on an individual authority's circumstances. Savings could also be cashable or non-cashable.\n\nTherefore, the savings highlighted are not necessarily indicative of what can be achieved elsewhere."]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"The following links provide useful further information to support the contents of this spreadsheet:"]
[]
[null,"Source","Link","Comments"]
[null,"WRAP","http://www.wrap.org.uk/"]
[null,"CIWM","http://www.ciwm.co.uk/CIWM/CIWMHome.aspx"]
[null,"ESA","http://www.esauk.org/"]
[null,"LARAC","http://larac.org.uk/"]
[null,"ZWS","http://www.zerowastescotland.org.uk/"]
[null,"WLGA","http://www.wlga.gov.uk/english"]
[null,"Local Partnerships","http://localpartnerships.org.uk/"]
[null,"LWARB","http://www.lwarb.gov.uk/"]

{"sheet":"Collections","index":1,"n_rows":27,"n_cols":21,"rows_kept":27,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[25,1,25,18],[26,1,26,18],[27,1,27,18],[28,1,28,18],[29,1,29,18],[1,1,1,18],[10,1,10,18],[11,1,11,18],[12,1,12,18],[14,1,14,18],[6,1,6,18],[5,1,5,18],[8,1,8,18],[13,1,13,18],[30,1,30,18],[15,1,15,18],[16,1,16,18],[2,1,2,18],[3,1,3,18],[4,1,4,18],[7,1,7,18],[9,1,9,18],[17,1,17,18],[18,1,18,18],[19,1,19,18],[20,1,20,18],[24,1,24,18],[21,1,21,18],[22,1,22,18],[23,1,23,18]]}
[]
[null,"Common service changes to drive efficiencies and generate savings – Collection",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Potential Scale of Saving","Comments"]
[1,"Re-routing and optimising collection rounds to drive efficiencies.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[2,"Reducing collection frequency of residual waste to encourage recycling.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[3,"Reducing collection frequency of other collections e.g. recycling.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[4,"Extended frequency of collections, e.g. moving to a three-weekly collections cycle.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[5,"Removal of certain collections e.g. dedicated textiles collections, nappy collections.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[6,"Strong enforcement policies at the kerbside including no side waste and rejection of contaminated bins.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[7,"Strong enforcement of trade waste abuse, such as clamping down on the use of residential bulk bins.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[8,"Sweating assets – using vehicles for longer before procuring new ones or using older vehicles on garden or commercial waste collection rounds.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[9,"Healthcare waste – ensuring that waste is classified/separated correctly and that non-infectious waste isn’t being disposed of via a hazardous waste treatment route.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[10,"Double shifting vehicles – particularly trade and garden waste rounds with core rounds.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[11,"Charging for garden waste collections.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[12,"Suspending garden waste collections over winter.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[13,"Outsourcing bulky waste contracts to third sector providers to enhance re-use.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[14,"Removing food waste collection services (note that this will have a negative impact on recycling rates).",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[15,"Introducing food waste collections with alternate weekly or three weekly collection services.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[16,"Partnership working with nearby authority(s).",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[17,"Changes to working practices such as moving towards annualised hours.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[18,"Decrease in residual waste bin size (e.g. moving from a 240l bin to a 180l), or limiting the number of bags allowed per household.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[19,"Increasing the range of materials being collected at the kerbside.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[20,"Leasing collection vehicles to reduce capex and potentially remove the need for internal maintenance facilities and personnel.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[21,"Using spare capacity of collection vehicles and staff to carry out commercial waste and recycling collections.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[22,"Bundling contracts for procurement in order to reduce administration and contract management, e.g. collections, HWRCs, grounds, street cleansing, highways, leisure etc.  ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[23,"Increasing commercial waste collections, including commercial recycling - focus on increasing customer base.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[24,"Sale of domestic waste collection service (ROI).",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[25,"Strong policy for new developments - specifying space for recycling bins",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]

{"sheet":"Comms&Engagement","index":2,"n_rows":12,"n_cols":20,"rows_kept":12,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[13,1,13,17],[1,1,1,17],[2,1,2,17],[3,1,3,17],[4,1,4,17],[5,1,5,17],[6,1,6,17],[7,1,7,17],[8,1,8,17],[9,1,9,17],[10,1,10,17],[11,1,11,17],[12,1,12,17]]}
[]
[null,"Common service changes to drive efficiencies and generate savings – Communications and Engagement",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Potential Scale of Saving","Comments"]
[1,"Delivering focussed communications campaign - focus on specific materials or issues.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[2,"Highlighting cost messages to residents – e.g. savings to the authority.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[3,"Focus on increasing recycling and reducing contamination.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[4,"Reduction in education services - target areas that will provide return e.g. schools recycling and food waste collection schemes (combining operation and education).",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[5,"Use of WRAP / ZeroWasteScotland ready-made communications materials and toolkits.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[6,"Selling space on vehicle sides to generate income.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[7,"Consultation with the public on cuts – particularly changes to HWRCs.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[8,"Invest in marketing commercial waste services.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[9,"Joint communications campaigns",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[10,"Focus on essential communications only",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]

{"sheet":"HWRCs","index":3,"n_rows":16,"n_cols":21,"rows_kept":16,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[12,1,12,18],[20,1,20,18],[6,1,6,18],[7,1,7,18],[8,1,8,18],[9,1,9,18],[10,1,10,18],[11,1,11,18],[13,1,13,18],[14,1,14,18],[15,1,15,18],[16,1,16,18],[17,1,17,18],[18,1,18,18],[19,1,19,18],[1,1,1,18],[2,1,2,18],[3,1,3,18],[4,1,4,18],[5,1,5,18]]}
[]
[null,"Common service changes to drive efficiencies and generate savings - HWRCs",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Potential Scale of Saving","Comments"]
[1,"Introducing permitting schemes for vans and trailers.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[2,"Reducing site opening times and days.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[3,"Closing sites or handing them over to community groups to run.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[4,"Re-procuring contracts.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[5,"Introducing contract/staff incentives to increase recycling and re-use.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[6,"Charging for certain non-household material streams including Asbestos, Tyres, Rubble, Plasterboard (where permitted).",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[7,"Introducing re-use onsite, including re-use shops.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[8,"Introducing commercial waste and recycling services on site.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[9,"Cracking down on trade waste abuse through measures including use of ANPR, Meet and Greet and multi-agency approaches (Environment agency, trading standards, transport police).",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[10,"Introducing recycling outlets for difficult to recycle materials such as mattresses.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[11,"Reviewing free tipping processes for charities and landlord associations.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[12,"Optimising locations (strategic closures).",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[13,"Sharing HWRCs with neighbours and cross-boundary agreements.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[14,"Introducing mobile HWRCs to support closure activities, and/or to collect materials for recycling.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]

{"sheet":"JointWorking","index":4,"n_rows":9,"n_cols":14,"rows_kept":9,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[13,1,13,11],[1,1,1,11],[2,1,2,11],[3,1,3,11],[5,1,5,11],[6,1,6,11],[7,1,7,11],[4,1,4,11],[8,1,8,11],[9,1,9,11],[10,1,10,11],[11,1,11,11],[12,1,12,11]]}
[]
[null,"Common service changes to drive efficiencies and generate savings – partnership working",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Potential Scale of Saving","Comments"]
[1,"Joint delivery of services – e.g. collection services.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High","Up to £2M per year"]
[2,"Joint procurement of goods – e.g. bins.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[3,"Joint procurement of collection, recycling, composting, treatment and disposal services.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[4,"Joint communications campaigns – e.g. waste minimisation.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[5,"Sharing workshop provision with other organisations – e.g. vehicle maintenance and MOT.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[6,"Joint sharing of staff – e.g. recycling officer.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[7,"Joint procurement administration – e.g. sharing of procurement costs for a joint material contract.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High","Up to £750K per year"]

{"sheet":"Staff","index":5,"n_rows":14,"n_cols":21,"rows_kept":14,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[9,1,9,18],[12,1,12,18],[4,1,4,18],[5,1,5,18],[13,1,13,18],[2,1,2,18],[3,1,3,18],[6,1,6,18],[7,1,7,18],[8,1,8,18],[16,1,16,18],[17,1,17,18],[10,1,10,18],[11,1,11,18],[18,1,18,18],[14,1,14,18],[15,1,15,18]]}
[]
[]
[null,"Common service changes to drive efficiencies and generate savings - Staff",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Potential Scale of Saving","Comments"]
[1,"Hiring consultants or using Local Authority secondments as a way of addressing skills gaps – procurement, negotiation and material processing and sales.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[2,"Staff secondments between authorities. For example, communications staff have been used to deliver local campaigns in neighbouring authorities.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[3,"Shared agency contract between authorities.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[4,"Increased number of shared posts, e.g. transport manager and recycling officer.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[5,"Automation of administrative processes.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[6,"Use of technology to reduce ‘on the ground’ monitoring e.g. use of PDAs.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[7,"Increased use of agency staff.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[8,"Reduction in hours (including overtime).",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[9,"Increase in scope of job role.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[10,"Combining back office administration with other local authorities.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[11,"Creation of multifaceted teams e.g. enforcement roles that cover waste and recycling as well as other public realm functions.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]

{"sheet":"StreetCleansing","index":6,"n_rows":13,"n_cols":16,"rows_kept":13,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[6,1,6,13],[1,1,1,13],[2,1,2,13],[3,1,3,13],[4,1,4,13],[5,1,5,13],[16,1,16,13],[7,1,7,13],[8,1,8,13],[9,1,9,13],[10,1,10,13],[11,1,11,13],[12,1,12,13],[13,1,13,13],[14,1,14,13],[15,1,15,13]]}
[]
[null,"Common service changes to drive efficiencies and generate savings – street cleansing",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Potential Scale of Saving","Comments"]
[1,"Reduction in cleansing frequencies – across all areas. Focus on gateway cleansing (areas of high footfall).",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium","Up to £50K per year"]
[2,"Communications campaigns targeting litter, including gum and cigarette buts.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[3,"Re-beating and prioritisation of beats.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[4,"Reactive rather than proactive cleansing schedules.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[5,"Use of technology and software such as Love Clean Streets.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[6,"Re-negotiation of current contracts.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[7,"Joint working with neighbouring authorities or links with businesses and business improvement districts.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[8,"Community incentives, including using community volunteers to conduct street inspections.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[9,"Water saving circulation systems for street cleansing vehicles.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[10,"Street cleansing activities for third parties, i.e. street cleansing income from cleaning third party carparks etc.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[11,"Work with the community to clear and gate back alleyways to prevent fly tipping",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]

{"sheet":"Treatment&Disposal","index":7,"n_rows":22,"n_cols":21,"rows_kept":22,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[6,1,6,18],[16,1,16,18],[1,1,1,18],[2,1,2,18],[3,1,3,18],[4,1,4,18],[5,1,5,18],[15,1,15,18],[23,1,23,18],[7,1,7,18],[8,1,8,18],[10,1,10,18],[12,1,12,18],[13,1,13,18],[14,1,14,18],[11,1,11,18],[17,1,17,18],[18,1,18,18],[19,1,19,18],[20,1,20,18],[21,1,21,18],[22,1,22,18]]}
[]
[null,"Common service changes to drive efficiencies and generate savings – Treatment and Disposal",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Potential Scale of Saving","Comments"]
[1,"Managing risk effectively within contracts.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[2,"Focus on increasing recycling rates and driving quality.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[3,"Diverting organic waste from disposal to treatment processes.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[4,"Bundling contracts (where it makes sense) to achieve procurement efficiencies and economies of scale.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[5,"Renegotiating current contracts.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[6,"Making changes to recycling credit systems.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[7,"Joint working – particularly on sale of materials.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High","Up to £2M per year"]
[8,"Sharing MRF capacity.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[9,"Developing new markets for material sales.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[10,"Conducting service reviews to identify operational savings.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High","Up to £1.5M per year"]
[11,"Developing CHP.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[12,"Selling spare residual capacity to third parties.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[13,"Seeking short term contracts for residual waste treatment e.g. RDF export.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[14,"Seeking short term contracts to fill spare treatment capacity e.g. with seasonal waste streams.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[15,"Developing new disposal routes, e.g. alternatives to landfill.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High","Up to £5M per year"]
[16,"Optimise process efficiencies; reduce energy use; maximise energy/biogas generation.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[17,"Delaying/halting infrastructure procurement to use short term contract options such as export of RDF/SRF.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[18,"Review of indexation provisions in new contracts, with no indexation where possible, or only available on contract extension. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[19,"Limit indexation to only part of service costs. Capital contribution to new infrastructure. Carefully considering risk transfer. ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[20,"Maximise benefit of any Authority assets offered for services through income sharing on third party waste.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]

{"sheet":"PublicRealm","index":8,"n_rows":15,"n_cols":14,"rows_kept":15,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[12,1,12,9],[1,1,1,11],[2,1,2,11],[9,1,9,9],[10,1,10,9]]}
[]
[null,"Common service changes to drive efficiencies and generate savings – Public Realm",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Potential Scale of Saving","Comments"]
[1,"Review bedding plants – can they be bought in, instead of retaining a nursery.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[2,"Reduction in cutting – this can save money if you have the right equipment available. For example if your mowers are set for 20 mows per year they may not be able to do less frequent cuts and it may take longer.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[3,"Public conveniences – shutting public conveniences and implementing a community toilet scheme.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[4,"Highways – what’s the potential for revenue generation? Can private work be procured? ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[5,"Generating revenue through conducting sewage work, Gullys etc.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[6,"Arboriculture work – revenue generation for parish councils etc.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[7,"Light touch benchmarking and performance review.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[8,"Using large premises to generate revenue from energy generation, i.e. solar/wind etc.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[9,"Rationalise or strategically locate bring sites. Diversifying materials collected",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Medium"]
[10,"Accepting payments online for services e.g. bulky waste, garden waste, trade waste and recycling",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[11,"E-procurement of goods e.g. e-auction for sale of dry recyclate",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]
[12,"Using the internet as a means to report instances such as missed bins (can be combined with in-cab technology)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Low"]
[13,"Set up a Teckal exemption wholly-owned waste services company to expand commercial opportunities.",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"High"]

{"sheet":"CaseStudies","index":9,"n_rows":202,"n_cols":17,"rows_kept":202,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
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["Comms"]
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["HWRC"]
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["Collections"]
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["Treatment"]
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["Streets"]
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["Joint working"]